Friday, January 29, 2010

Do We Really Believe Love is the Antithesis of Duty?


In watching the first season of Legend of the Seeker, I began to get a familiar feeling. I’d felt this way watching Attack of the Clones. There was one episode in particular (Revenant) in which the story was told of a former incarnation of the Seeker and “his Confessor.”


Now this was your basic “another consciousness takes over my body, making me do things I would never do myself but really wish I could” episode which finds its way into most SF tv series. As my sister aptly put it, it gives the producers a chance to get the protagonists to take off their clothes without permanent repercussions. Us viewers all indulge in a little vicarious wish fulfillment…and everyone goes home happy.


But what stuck in my craw about that episode—besides its cheapening of the protagonists’ plight by the law of diminishing returns (ie: when you tell the same joke twice, it’s not funny anymore)—what really bothered me was the obvious assumption that acting upon romantic love is a betrayal of duty.


Okay, okay, this is SF. “Duty” sounds out of place. Does “destiny” or “quest” fit better? Richard’s “destiny” is to kill Darken Rahl. He cannot fulfill that “quest” if he consummates his love with Kahlan.


(Now, theirs is a special case—if they consummate their love, Kahlan will involuntarily touch him with her power, subsuming his will forever in a “love” for her that goes beyond obsession. He would kill himself if that’s what he thought she wanted.


Now, I’m not about to argue that the obliteration of one’s free will is a thing to take lightly. It’s pretty much the last thing you’d want to do to someone you loved. But how would it prevent Richard from killing Darken Rahl and fulfilling his all-important destiny? Kahlan wants Rahl dead too. She could command Richard to kill Rahl and he would, just as surely as if they hadn’t consummated their love. Right?)


But the dilemma, to which the show (and also the book it’s based on) repeatedly calls our attention, is the choice between protecting the ones you love and destroying a threat to the greater good. The assumption is made that if Richard loves Kahlan, he will save her life, even if it means death for the world. (There’s a logical problem here: Kahlan is part of the world, therefore if the world is destroyed, so is she. But I grant that in the heat of the moment, none of us can be counted on to be logical. (Okay, maybe Data would be…))


In Revenant, we meet Richard and Kahlan’s pre-incarnations: Kieran and Viviane. (Apparently seekers fall in love with their confessors all the time.) We’re told, “One thousand years ago Kieran and Viviane did the worst thing a Seeker and Confessor can do…they consummated their love.”


We’re told, “it ruined Kieran…he thought only of protecting Viviane.”


So Kieran’s love for Viviane, and the loss of his will, prevented Kieran from fulfilling his quest.


But in the episode Bloodline, we learn that Zedd is Richard’s grandfather, a fact he had kept secret, he claims, because he never wanted Richard to have to choose between killing his grandfather and fulfilling his quest. Again, love versus duty. And this time there’s no coercion or will-breaking involved.


In Revenant, Kieran’s wizard admits, “I loved him…so I hesitated. Because I loved him, that hesitation led not only to the loss of many innocent lives, it led also to the loss of Kieran’s soul too.”


So what are we, the viewers, to conclude? That love disables goodness? That loving anyone deeply—be they lover or family—brings about the downfall of the world? (Or is that only for special people who have a “destiny?”)


Remember Attack of the Clones? Particularly the “Dominatrix by Firelight” scene? Padmé tells Anakin, in essence, “I’m a senator. You’re a Jedi. It could never work.” The storyteller implies that their union would be somehow immoral. We’re never told why. In another scene she asks him, “Are you allowed to love? I thought that was forbidden for a Jedi.” One of the trailers showed them holding each other with a voice-over pronouncing, “A Jedi must not love.”


Here’s my question: why the heck not?? What is it about our society that makes us believe that love keeps us from doing what’s right? We’re fed this message repeatedly and we just swallow it. Is it hard to think of other examples?


On the flip side, our storytellers present doing what’s right as inimical to love, to happiness. Kieran says of Richard and Kahlan, “they have a destiny that is destroying them, just as it did us. They love each other…”


As he and Viviane touch again after a thousand years, Kieran says, “This is all that matters. We’re all that matters.”


I suspect this is the key. We equate giving in to love with forsaking duty because we believe that virtue must be dour. The do-gooders out there want us to be miserable. Therefore, happiness can only be had if we say, “Screw the world; I’m doing what I want!”


Could this belief be related to the prevalence of broken relationships in our society? So many people in our lives get hurt when we “follow our hearts.” I feel that I’ve fallen “out of love” with my spouse, and I feel attracted to another person…now my only option for happiness (the only way to be “true to myself”) is to give in to those feelings, no matter that it destroys the lives of my spouse and children.


In a culture where the needs of children are routinely overruled in favor of adult lust, have we permanently linked the consummation of love with guilt?


But might I suggest (and I’m by no means claiming to be original here), that rather than being the enemy of duty, true love is the foundation for doing what’s right? Love which seeks the good of the other, even at personal cost to myself? (I could elaborate here, but I think I’ll save it for another post.)


How do we determine, in any given situation, what is the right course of action and what is the wrong? On what do we base our decisions? Our feelings? Popular opinion? Utility? These are age-old questions. But we still need to answer them.


If saving the world is in our hands, then maybe personal attachments are a danger. If the fate of the world rests with me, then my loving my son is a fatal weakness—with global consequences. My enemy simply has to threaten my son and I’ll abandon the world to oblivion in order to save him.


But if I rid myself of all personal attachments (isn’t that what the Buddhists suggest?)—if I value nothing and no one corporeal—what kind of savior could I be? What would I be fighting to save? A disembodied principle? Why fight at all?


Love must have a place in doing good. (Again, see my later post on Dante’s Conception of Love.)


What do you think?

4 comments:

  1. I don't really have an answer to this question, but to start out with, I adore love vs. duty plots and am actually in the middle of writing one myself, so I have to admit that I'm biased in my viewpoint. But hopefully my ramblings contribute something of value to your thoughts.

    Love must have a place in doing good, yes, but I think there has always been a fascination with the tragic in our society, and that plays out well in stories in which there is a choice that must be made between love and duty. A story is simply not as interesting if the protagonist gets to have their cake and eat it, too (at least at the beginning--after all, having read Wizard's First Rule, Richard and Kahlan do overcome this obstacle in the end).

    There is a certain fascination with seeing characters put into situations you never want to see yourself ever encounter, and one of those is the choice of having to sacrifice something/someone you love for the sake of a duty, and it is generally only in SF fiction that the "duty" involved is the fate of the world/universe/plot setting. (After all, it is "epic" fantasy.) It wouldn't be much of a story if Kahlan thought to herself, "Well, I guess I'll have sex with Richard so I can get that out of the way, and then just order him to take out Darken Rahl." Or, if the two of them were able to consummate their love and then pursue Rahl together. In fact, having read most of the novels in this series, once the two of them do figure out how to be together, the author has to continually figure out ridiculous and contrived plot excuses to keep them apart for book after book so that he can maintain that tension, until by the end of the series it just gets sad.

    Also note, that love vs. duty stories would be very unsatisfying if the characters involved never found a way to resolve that tension, so they usually do. Love vs. duty is a conflict, and conflict is the basis upon which any plot is formed. But in a good story, the main conflicts are resolved, either for the characters' good or ill. Either they find a way to be together in their love, or the plot plays out so that it is impossible for them to be together and they acknowledge this and come to some terms with it (usually one of the characters dies, or else develops as a character to the point that they realize they are no longer in love with the other person; occasionally). In any case, that conflict gets resolved. Love and duty is no conflict, and therefore, very little story. Love and duty is more of a setting (while I do my duty, I also have this love that fleshes out my character and world). How to pursue one's love while pursuing one's duty can be a conflict, but then again, what one has is just a less-epic variation of the love vs. duty conflict.

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  2. (Continued) That said, I don't think that the conceit of love vs. duty is quite as dramatic as you make it out to be. Throughout the story, love is an essential part of the foundation of the good Richard and Kahlan are attempting to do. Richard is driven to stop Rahl because if he doesn't, Kahlan's life is in danger. He loves her, and does not want her to die. Furthermore, when Kahlan believes Richard to be dead or captured, she goes into a Confessor's rage that makes her almost unstoppable and goes after him. (At least, in the novel--I have to admit I haven't the intestinal fortitude to watch the series.) So, their duty is being enhanced by their personal attachments--their love is driving their duty.

    It is true that personal attachments, though, are often viewed as the weakness through which a protagonist can be attacked the most. In the Star Wars prequels, it is Anakin's surrender to his feelings for Padme that lead him to the Dark Side. However, it is also his love for his son that eventually leads him out of the Dark Side. The redemption story is often driven by personal attachments, and usually hinges on the fact that characters have love for another, be that romantic, familial or otherwise. I think this is because as fascinated as we are with the choice between love and duty, we are also fascinated with the idea of love being most powerful and being able to bring a person back from evil (or just a fallen state in general).

    I do find linking the consummation of love with guilt to be an interesting idea. Considering I grew up being taught and believing that any consummation of my own love was an abomination or sin, I think there is a valid point in this argument. Did that belief come from the prevalence of broken relationships in society, however? No--that came from what I had been taught in church and by everyone around me. America was settled by Puritans and the Puritan belief system has influenced American culture ever since; I think that a lot of Puritan (and Christian in general) history--linking physical love with dirtiness and sin, upholding spiritual ideals over anything "worldly" such as human relationships--has contributed to this sense that consummating love is something to be shameful and guilty about. (Look at The Pilgrim's Progress just to see an example of this--the protagonist Christian's journey towards the Celestial City is continually challenged by worldly temptations such as the temptress Wanton and the Lust sisters.) At the same time, Christianity espouses love as the highest of ideals--after all, God is love--so I think this combination colours the way these types of tales are dealt with in modern times; love is seen as both lesser than and higher than duty. You can and should want to pursue love, but in doing so, you should feel somewhat guilty over it, because it's a distraction from your goal. And therein also lies the conflict.

    I dunno--those are some of my thoughts.

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  3. Thanks, Cam. It is another way to set up conflict in a story. I guess my question is why we buy it...though I think your answer agrees with mine.

    But though many Christians throughout history seem to have had the attitude that physical love is dirty, I would challenge you on naming the Puritans among them. Check out:

    http://pewforum.org/news/display.php?NewsID=1769

    and

    http://www.jamesbowman.net/article_print.asp?pubID=2018

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  4. Mike Here,

    So I haven't seen this show. I have however, read the last book in the series (it was the only English book I could find here in France at the time, that interested me).

    This love or duty conflict is definitely an attention grabber. It is a simple way to make you feel for the character. However, I think it is overused. It seems that far too many superhero stories rely to heavily on this for the basis of their plot. The entire plot for Spider man 2 was either for Peter to be Spider man and not get to be with his love Mary Jane, or give up being spider man entirely, which we all know goes against the over used phrases "with great power, comes great yada yada yada."

    I found it preachy. Even though I am not a superhero with secret identity. All of the tension he had with Mary-Jane could have been resolved a lot earlier if he had just told her that he is spider man and that he love her.

    I don't know how much of the love duty conflict they used in series The Seeker and the Confessor. So I really cannot comment on it either way.

    But as far as the question of love or duty? I am sick of their being no other depth to the character than just love or duty conflict. It makes for a very flat character. I think it might be okay to use it in a story, but sparingly. It can become a rut that a character can easily fall into and make it his or her defining characteristic.

    I want to see something more. Something new. I have already seen love-duty stories and would like to see some new twist on it. If I was a superhero, I don't think it would change who I loved or how I showed it.

    I have been debating with myself over deliberately not using love or duty with a science fiction fantasy book of mine (I still am just in the early early stages of planning, so I can't say for sure but I desperately don't want to use it).

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